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national-4-woodwork-experience What Are We? Marie should re-read the article. THe comedian wwoodwork called him a spoiled trust fund baby brat. As you mentioned, this is basically an article about living below your means. Natural History. National 4 woodwork experience art started as smaller and simpler than Egyptian art, and the influence of Egyptian art on the Greeks started in the Cycladic islands between and BC.

Since survival is not contingent on the production of art, art-producing individuals demonstrated agency over their environments in that they had spare time to create once their essential duties, like hunting and gathering were completed. However, the earliest human artifacts showing evidence of workmanship with an artistic purpose are the subject of some debate. It is clear that such workmanship existed by 40, years ago in the Upper Paleolithic era, although it is quite possible that it began earlier.

This surge in creative outpourings is known as the "Upper Paleolithic Revolution" or the "Creative Explosion". These first traces are generally worked stone flint , obsidian , wood or bone tools. To paint in red , iron oxide was used. Color, pattern, and visual likeness were components of Paleolithic art. Patterns used included zig-zag, criss cross, and parallel lines.

Cave paintings have been found in the Franco-Cantabrian region. There are pictures that are abstract as well as pictures that are naturalistic. Cave paintings were symbolically representative of activities that required learned participants — they were used as teaching tools and showcase an increased need for communication and specialized skills for early humans. Sculpture is represented by the so-called Venus figurines , feminine figures which may have been used in fertility cults , such as the Venus of Willendorf.

A function of Paleolithic art was magical, being used in rituals. Paleolithic artists were particular people, respected in the community because their artworks were linked with religious beliefs. In this way, artifacts were symbols of certain deities or spirits. Possibly the "oldest known drawing by human hands", discovered in Blombos Cave in South Africa.

Estimated to be 73, years old. Vogelherd horse; c. Cave paintings from Lascaux caves Montignac, Dordogne , France. Venus of Willendorf ; c. Venus of Brassempouy ; c. The term Epipaleolithic is often used synonymously, especially for outside northern Europe , and for the corresponding period in the Levant and Caucasus. The Mesolithic has different time spans in different parts of Eurasia. It refers to the final period of hunter-gatherer cultures in Europe and West Asia, between the end of the Last Glacial Maximum and the Neolithic Revolution.

The term is less used of areas further east, and not at all beyond Eurasia and North Africa. The Neolithic period began about 10, BC. The rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin —dated between the Mesolithic and Neolithic eras—contained small, schematic paintings of human figures, with notable examples in El Cogul , Valltorta, Alpera and Minateda.

Neolithic painting is similar to paintings found in northern Africa Atlas , Sahara and in the area of modern Zimbabwe. Neolithic painting is often schematic, made with basic strokes men in the form of a cross and women in a triangular shape. In portable art , a style called Cardium pottery was produced, decorated with imprints of seashells. New materials were used in art, such as amber , crystal , and jasper. Common materials of Neolithic sculptures from Anatolia , are ivory, stone, clay and bone.

Many are anthropomorphic , especially female, zoomorphic ones being rare. Female figurines are both fat and slender.

Both zoomorphic and anthropomorphic carvings have been discovered in Siberia , Afghanistan , Pakistan and China. The Urfa Man ; from modern-day Turkey ; c.

Fragment of a bowl; by Halaf culture from Mesopotamia ; BC; cermaic; 8. The Thinker ; by Hamangia culture from Romania; c. The last prehistoric phase is the Metal Age or Three-age system , during which the use of copper , bronze and iron transformed ancient societies.

When humans could smelt and forge, metal implements could be used to make new tools, weapons, and art. In the Chalcolithic Copper Age , megaliths emerged. Examples include the dolmen , menhir and the English cromlech , as can be seen in the complexes at Newgrange and Stonehenge. In the Balearic Islands , notable megalithic cultures were developed, with different types of monuments: the naveta , a tomb shaped like a truncated pyramid , with an elongated burial chamber; the taula , two large stones, one put vertically and the other horizontally above National 4 Woodwork Guide each other; and the talaiot , a tower with a covered chamber and a false dome.

The former was developed between the 7th and 5th century BC, featured by the necropoleis with tumular tombs and a wooden burial chamber in the form of a house, often accompanied by a four-wheeled cart. The pottery was polychromic , with geometric decorations and applications of metallic ornaments. It produced many iron objects such as swords and spears , which have not survived well to the s due to rust.

The Bronze Age refers to the period when bronze was the best material available. Bronze was used for highly decorated shields , fibulas , and other objects, with different stages of evolution of the style. Decoration was influenced by Greek , Etruscan and Scythian art. In the first period of recorded history, art coincided with writing.

The great civilizations of the Near East : Egypt and Mesopotamia arose. Globally, during this period the first great cities appeared near major rivers: the Nile , Tigris and Euphrates , Indus and Yellow River. One of the great advances of this period was writing, which was developed from the tradition of communication using pictures.

The first form of writing were the Jiahu symbols from Neolithic China , but the first true writing was cuneiform script , which emerged in Mesopotamia c.

It was based on pictographic and ideographic elements, while later Sumerians developed syllables for writing, reflecting the phonology and syntax of the Sumerian language. In Egypt hieroglyphic writing was developed using pictures as well, appearing on art such as the Narmer Palette 3, BC. The Indus Valley Civilization sculpted seals with short texts and decorated with representations of animals and people.

Meanwhile, the Olmecs sculpted colossal heads and decorated other sculptures with their own hieroglyphs. In these times, writing was accessible only for the elites. Mesopotamian art was developed in the area between Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in modern-day Syria and Iraq, where since the 4th millennium BC many different cultures existed such as Sumer , Akkad , Amorite and Chaldea.

Mesopotamian architecture was characterized by the use of bricks , lintels , and cone mosaic. Notable examples are the ziggurats , large temples in the form of step pyramids.

The tomb was a chamber covered with a false dome , as in some examples found at Ur. There were also palaces walled with a terrace in the form of a ziggurat, where gardens were an important feature.

Relief sculpture was developed in wood and stone. Sculpture depicted religious, military, and hunting scenes, including both human and animal figures. In the Sumerian period , small statues of people were produced.

These statues had an angular form and were produced from colored stone. The figures typically had bald head with hands folded on the chest. In the Akkadian period , statues depicted figures with long hair and beards, such as the stele of Naram-Sin.

In the Amorite period or Neosumerian , statues represented kings from Gudea of Lagash , with their mantles and a turbans on their heads, and their hands on their chests. During Babylonian rule, the stele of Hammurabi was important, as it depicted the great king Hammurabi above a written copy of the laws that he introduced.

Assyrian sculpture is notable for its anthropomorphism of cattle and the winged genie , which is depicted flying in many reliefs depicting war and hunting scenes, such as in the Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III. Standing male worshipper, one of the twelve statues in the Tell Asmar Hoard ; BC; gypsum alabaster, shell, black limestone and bitumen; Bull's head ornament from a lyre; BC; bronze inlaid with shell and lapis lazuli ; height: A Ram in a Thicket ; — BC; gold, copper, shell, lapis lazuli and limestone ; height: The Statue of Ebih-Il ; c.

Seal of Hash-hamer, showing enthroned king Ur-Nammu , with modern impression; circa BC; greenstone; height: 5. Assyrian relief with a winged genie with bucket and cone ; BC; height: 3. One of the first great civilizations arose in Egypt , which had elaborate and complex works of art produced by professional artists and craftspeople. Egypt's art was religious and symbolic. Given that the culture had a highly centralized power structure and hierarchy, a great deal of art was created to honour the pharaoh , including great monuments.

Egyptian art and culture emphasized the religious concept of immortality. Later Egyptian art includes Coptic and Byzantine art. The architecture is characterized by monumental structures, built with large stone blocks, lintels, and solid columns. Funerary monuments included mastaba , tombs of rectangular form; pyramids , which included step pyramids Saqqarah or smooth-sided pyramids Giza ; and the hypogeum , underground tombs Valley of the Kings. Other great buildings were the temple , which tended to be monumental complexes preceded by an avenue of sphinxes and obelisks.

Temples used pylons and trapezoid walls with hypaethros and hypostyle halls and shrines. The temples of Karnak , Luxor , Philae and Edfu are good examples. Another type of temple is the rock temple , in the form of a hypogeum , found in Abu Simbel and Deir el-Bahari. Painting of the Egyptian era used a juxtaposition of overlapping planes.

The images were represented hierarchically, i. Egyptians painted the outline of the head and limbs in profile, while the torso, hands, and eyes were painted from the front. Applied arts were developed in Egypt, in particular woodwork and metalwork. There are superb examples such as cedar furniture inlaid with ebony and ivory which can be seen in the tombs at the Egyptian Museum. Other examples include the pieces found in Tutankhamun 's tomb, which are of great artistic value.

Kneeling portrait statue of Amenemhat holding a stele with an inscription; circa BC; limestone; Egyptian Museum of Berlin Germany. The Mask of Tutankhamun ; c.

Illustration of various types of capitals, drawn by the egyptologist Karl Richard Lepsius. Discovered long after the contemporary civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt , the Indus Valley Civilization or Harappan civilization c. Various sculptures, seals, bronze vessels pottery , gold jewellery, and anatomically detailed figurines in terracotta , bronze, and steatite have been found at excavation sites. A number of gold, terracotta and stone figurines of girls in dancing poses reveal the presence of some dance form.

These terracotta figurines included cows, bears, monkeys, and dogs. The animal depicted on a majority of seals at sites of the mature period has not been clearly identified. Part bull, part zebra, with a majestic horn, it has been a source of speculation. As yet, there is insufficient evidence to substantiate claims that the image had religious or cultic significance, but the prevalence of the image raises the question of whether or not the animals in images of the civilisation are religious symbols.

Realistic statuettes have been found in the site in the Indus Valley Civilization. One of them is the famous bronze statuette of a slender-limbed Dancing Girl adorned with bangles, found in Mohenjo-daro.

Two other realistic statuettes have been found in Harappa in proper stratified excavations, which display near- Classical treatment of the human shape: the statuette of a dancer who seems to be male, and a red jasper male torso , both now in the Delhi National Museum. Archaeologist Sir John Marshall reacted with surprise when he saw these two statuettes from Harappa: [33].

When I first saw them I found it difficult to believe that they were prehistoric; they seemed to completely upset all established ideas about early art, and culture. Modeling such as this was unknown in the ancient world up to the Hellenistic age of Greece, and I thought, therefore, that some mistake must surely have been made; that these figures had found their way into levels some years older than those to which they properly belonged Now, in these statuettes, it is just this anatomical truth which is so startling; that makes us wonder whether, in this all-important matter, Greek artistry could possibly have been anticipated by the sculptors of a far-off age on the banks of the Indus.

These statuettes remain controversial, due to their advanced techniques. Regarding the red jasper torso, the discoverer, Vats , claims a Harappan date, but Marshall considered this statuette is probably historical, dating to the Gupta period, comparing it to the much later Lohanipur torso. Overall, anthropologist Gregory Possehl tends to consider that these statuettes probably form the pinnacle of Indus art during the Mature Harappan period.

Seals have been found at Mohenjo-daro depicting a figure standing on its head, and another sitting cross-legged in what some call a yoga -like pose such as the so-called Pashupati. This figure has been variously identified. Sir John Marshall identified a resemblance to the Hindu god, Shiva. Ceremonial vessel; BC; terracotta with black paint; Stamp seal and modern impression: unicorn and incense burner?

The Priest-King ; — BC; low fired steatite; height: Male dancing torso; BC; limestone; height: 9. During the Chinese Bronze Age the Shang and Zhou dynasties court intercessions and communication with the spirit world were conducted by a shaman possibly the king himself. In the Shang dynasty c. They prepared elaborate banquets of food and drink for them, heated and served in bronze ritual vessels.

Bronze vessels were used in religious rituals to cement Dhang authority, and when the Shang capital fell, around BC, its conquerors, the Zhou c. The Shang court had been accused of excessive drunkenness, and the Zhou, promoting the imperial Tian "Heaven" as the prime spiritual force, rather than ancestors, limited wine in religious rites, in favour of food. One of the most commonly used motifs was the taotie , a stylized face divided centrally into 2 almost mirror-image halves, with nostrils, eyes, eyebrows, jaws, cheeks and horns, surrounded by incised patterns.

Whether taotie represented real, mythological or wholly imaginary creatures cannot be determined. The enigmatic bronzes of Sanxingdui , near Guanghan in Sichuan province , are evidence for a mysterious sacrificial religious system unlike anything elsewhere in ancient China and quite different from the art of the contemporaneous Shang at Anyang.

Excavations at Sanxingdui since have revealed 4 pits containing artefacts of bronze , jade and gold. There was found a great bronze statue of a human figure which stands on a plinth decorated with abstract elephant heads. Besides the standing figure, the first 2 pits contained over 50 bronze heads, some wearing headgear and 3 with a frontal covering of gold leaf.

Standing statue of a king and shaman leader; c. Altar set; late 11th century BC; bronze; overall table : height: One of the warriors of the Terracotta Army , a famous collection of terracotta sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang , the first Emperor of China.

Even in antiquity, the arts of Greece were recognised by other cultures as pre-eminent. The Latin poet Horace , writing in the age of Roman emperor Augustus 1st century BC to 1st century AD , famously remarked that although conquered on the battlefield, "captive Greece overcame its savage conqueror and brought the arts to rustic Rome.

During the Classical period 5th and 4th centuries BC , realism and idealism were delicately balanced. In comparison, work of the earlier Geometric 9th to 8th centuries BC and Archaic 7th to 6th centuries BC ages sometimes appears primitive, but these artists had different goals: naturalistic representation was not necessarily their aim. Roman art lover collected ancient Greek originals, Roman replicas of Greek art, or newly created paintings and sculptures fashioned in a variety of Greek styles, thus preserving for posterity works of art otherwise lost.

Wall and panel paintings, sculptures and mosaics decorated public spaces and well-to-do private homes. Greek imagery also appeared on Roman jewellery, vessels of gold, silver, bronze and terracotta, and even on weapons and commercial weights. Since the Renaissance , the arts of ancient Greece, transmitted through the Roman Empire , have served as the foundation of Western art.

Greek and Etruscan artists built on the artistic foundations of Egypt, further developing the arts of sculpture, painting, architecture, and ceramics. Greek art started as smaller and simpler than Egyptian art, and the influence of Egyptian art on the Greeks started in the Cycladic islands between and BC. Cycladic statues were simple, lacking facial features except for the nose. The harpist , the most iconic Cycladic artwork; BC; marble; height: Female Cycladic figurine; — BC; marble; height: Three Mycenaean female figures; BC; terracotta; heights: National 5 Woodwork Revision University Mycenaean necklace; BC; gilded terracotta; diameter of the rosettes: 2.

After the collapse of Mycenaean society , a style of Greek art emerged that illustrates clearly the break in culture and art between the Bronze Age and the ensuing Iron Age. The Protogeometric circa — BC and succeeding Geometric circa — BC styles are characterised by their stark simplicity of decoration, as older floral and marine motifs were replaced with abstract patterns.

In the new styles, pattern was rigorously applied to shape, each decorative element subordinate to but enhancing the whole. Surfaces were adorned with triangles, lines and semicircles, and concentric circles made with a multiple brush attached to a compass.

The meander Greek key pattern was popular, as were chequerboards, diamonds, chevrons and stars. Geometric figures, whether painted or sculpted, conform to an abstract aesthetic. Although they have recognisable forms, people and animals are composed of a combination of circles, triangles and rectangles, rather than organic, realistic shapes.

Krater with lid surmounted by a small hydria ; BC; terracotta; height: Krater; BC; terracotta; height: Statuette of a horse; BC; bronze; overall: Statuette of a horse; circa BC; bronze; height: 6. The human figure remained the most significant image in Greek sculpture of the Classical period 5th and 4th centuries BC. Artists strove to balance idealised bodily beauty and increasingly realistic anatomy, imitating nature by precisely rendering the ligaments, musculature and curves of the human form.

The Artemision Bronze ; BC; bronze; height: 2. The Parthenon on the Athenian Acropolis , the most iconic Doric Greek temple built of marble and limestone between circa BC, dedicated to the goddess Athena [40].

Mirror with a support in the form of a draped woman; mid-5th century BC; bronze; height: Calyx- krater ; BC; ceramic; height: Volute krater; BC; ceramic; height: 1. Statuette of a draped woman; 2nd century BC; terracotta; height: Venus de Milo ; — BC; marble; height: cm 80 in ; Louvre. Phoenician art lacks unique characteristics that might distinguish it from its contemporaries. This is due to its being highly influenced by foreign artistic cultures: primarily Egypt , Greece and Assyria.

Phoenicians who were taught on the banks of the Nile and the Euphrates gained a wide artistic experience and finally came to create their own art, which was an amalgam of foreign models and perspectives. He entered into other men's labors and made most of his heritage.

The Sphinx of Egypt became Asiatic , and its new form was transplanted to Nineveh on the one side and to Greece on the other. The rosettes and other patterns of the Babylonian cylinders were introduced into the handiwork of Phoenicia, and so passed on to the West, while the hero of the ancient Chaldean epic became first the Tyrian Melkarth , and then the Herakles of Hellas.

Face bead; mid-4th—3rd century BC; glass; height: 2. Etruscan art was produced by the Etruscan civilization in central Italy between the 9th and 2nd centuries BC. From around BC it was heavily influenced by Greek art , which was imported by the Etruscans, but always retained distinct characteristics. Particularly strong in this tradition were figurative sculpture in terracotta especially life-size on sarcophagi or temples , wall-painting and metalworking especially in bronze.

Jewellery and engraved gems of high quality were produced. Etruscan sculpture in cast bronze was famous and widely exported, but relatively few large examples have survived the material was too valuable, and recycled later.

In contrast to terracotta and bronze, there was relatively little Etruscan sculpture in stone, despite the Etruscans controlling fine sources of marble, including Carrara marble , which seems not to have been exploited until the Romans. The great majority of survivals came from tombs, which were typically crammed with sarcophagi and grave goods , and terracotta fragments of architectural sculpture, mostly around temples. Tombs have produced all the fresco wall-paintings, which show scenes of feasting and some narrative mythological subjects.

Water jar with Herakles and the Hydra ; circa BC; black-figure pottery ; height: Apollo of Veii ; c. Fresco with dancers and musicians; c. Dacian art is the art associated with the peoples known as Dacians or North Thracians Getae ; The Dacians created an art style in which the influences of Scythians and the Greeks can be seen.

They were highly skilled in gold and silver working and in pottery making. Pottery was white with red decorations in floral, geometric, and stylized animal motifs. Similar decorations were worked in metal, especially the figure of a horse, which was common on Dacian coins. The Geto-Dacians lived in a very large territory, stretching from the Balkans to the northern Carpathians and from the Black Sea and the river Tyras to the Tisa plain, sometimes even to the Middle Danube.

For this reason it is sometimes described as "Iberian art". Almost all extant works of Iberian sculpture visibly reflect Greek and Phoenician influences, and Assyrian , Hittite and Egyptian influences from which those derived; yet they have their own unique character.

Within this complex stylistic heritage, individual works can be placed within a spectrum of influences — some of more obvious Phoenician derivation, and some so similar to Greek works that they could have been directly imported from that region. Overall the degree of influence is correlated to the work's region of origin, and hence they are classified into groups on that basis.

The Lady of Elche ; c. Figurine of a standing male; 3rd-2nd century BC; cast bronze; height: 6. Hittite art was produced by the Hittite civilization in ancient Anatolia , in modern-day Turkey , and also stretching into Syria during the second millennium BC from the nineteenth century up until the twelfth century BC.

This period falls under the Anatolian Bronze Age. It is characterized by a long tradition of canonized images and motifs rearranged, while still being recognizable, by artists to convey meaning to a largely illiterate population:. Owing to the limited vocabulary of figural types [and motifs], invention for the Hittite artist usually was a matter of combining and manipulating the units to form more complex compositions.

Many of these recurring images revolve around the depiction of Hittite deities and ritual practices. There is also a prevalence of hunting scenes in Hittite relief and representational animal forms. Scholars do have difficulty dating a large portion of Hittite art, citing the fact that there is a lack of inscription and much of the found material, especially from burial sites, was moved from their original locations and distributed among museums during the nineteenth century.

Vessel terminating in the forepart of a stag; c. Three reliefs from the Adana Archaeology Museum Turkey. The Bactria—Margiana Archaeological Complex a. Its sites were discovered and named by the Soviet archaeologist Viktor Sarianidi They include an Elamite -type cylinder seal and a Harappan seal stamped with an elephant and Indus script found at Gonur-depe.

Among the finds there were two Harappan seals and ivory objects. The Harappan settlement of Shortugai in Northern Afghanistan on the banks of the Amu Darya probably served as a trading station.

A famous type of Bactrian artworks are the "Bactrian princesses" a. Wearing large stylized dresses with puffed sleeves, as well as headdresses that merge with the hair, they embody Woodwork Experience London the ranking goddess, character of the central Asian mythology that plays a regulatory role, pacifying the untamed forces.

These statuettes are made by combining and assembling materials of contrasting colors. The preferred materials are chlorite or similar dark green stones , a whitish limestone or mottled alabaster or marine shells from the Indian Ocean. Camel figurine; late 3rd—early 2nd millennium BC; copper alloy; 8.

Monstrous male figure; late 3rd—early 2nd millennium BC; chlorite , calcite , gold and iron; height: Female figurine of the "Bactrian princess" type; — BC; chlorite dress and headdress and limestone head, hands and a leg ; height: Celtic art is associated with the peoples known as Celts ; those who spoke the Celtic languages in Europe from pre-history through to the modern period.

It also refers to the art of ancient peoples whose language is uncertain, but have cultural and stylistic similarities with speakers of Celtic languages. Celtic art is a difficult term to define, covering a huge expanse of time, geography and cultures. This is the best-known part, but not the whole of, the Celtic art of the Early Middle Ages, which also includes the Pictish art of Scotland. Detail of the Battersea Shield ; 4th to 3rd century BC; copper alloy and emanel; height: Achaemenid art includes frieze reliefs, metalwork, decoration of palaces, glazed brick masonry, fine craftsmanship masonry, carpentry, etc.

Most survivals of court art are monumental sculpture, above all the reliefs , double animal-headed Persian column capitals and other sculptures of Persepolis. Although the Persians took artists, with their styles and techniques, from all corners of their empire, they produced not simply a combination of styles, but a synthesis of a new unique Persian style. There are a number of very fine pieces of jewellery or inlay in precious metal, also mostly featuring animals, and the Oxus Treasure has a wide selection of types.

Small pieces, typically in gold, were sewn to clothing by the elite, and a number of gold torcs have survived. Relief from Persepolis Iran that represents people who carry bowls and amphoraes. Frieze of archers; c. Gold bracelet, part of the Oxus Treasure ; 5th to 4th century BC; gold; width: Column National 5 Woodwork Joints Unit capital; 5th to 4th century BC; stone; height: 1.

Roman art is sometimes viewed as derived from Greek precedents, but also has its own distinguishing features. Roman sculpture is often less idealized than the Greek precedents, being very realistic. Roman architecture often used concrete , and features such as the round arch and dome were invented. Luxury objects in metal-work , gem engraving , ivory carvings , and glass are sometimes considered in modern terms to be minor forms of Roman art, [57] although this would not necessarily have been the case for contemporaries.

Roman artwork was influenced by the nation-state's interaction with other people's, such as ancient Judea. A major monument is the Arch of Titus , which was erected by the Emperor Titus. Scenes of Romans looting the Jewish temple in Jerusalem are depicted in low-relief sculptures around the arch's perimeter. Ancient Roman pottery was not a luxury product, but a vast production of "fine wares" in terra sigillata were decorated with reliefs that reflected the latest taste, and provided a large group in society with stylish objects at what was evidently an affordable price.

Roman coins were an important means of propaganda, and have survived in enormous numbers. Bronze statuette of a philosopher on a lamp stand; late 1st century BC; bronze; overall: Augustus of Prima Porta ; circa 20 BC; white marble ; height: 2. Restoration of a fresco from an Ancient villa bedroom; BC; dimensions of the room: Altar with festoons ; circa 50 AD; marble; height: Calyx-krater with reliefs of maidens and dancing maenads; 1st century AD; Pentelic marble ; height: Panoramic view of the Pantheon Rome , built between and Head of a goddess wearing a diadem ; 1st—2nd century; marble; height: 23 cm; Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Couch and footstool; 1st—2nd century AD; wood, bone and glass; couch: Marine mosaic central panel of three panels from a floor ; —; mosaic stone and glass tesserae ; height: 2, mm, width: 2, mm; Museum of Fine Arts Boston , US.

The Theseus Mosaic ; —; marble and limestone pebbles; 4. The olmecs were the earliest known major civilization in Mesoamerica following a progressive development in Soconusco. Olmec is the first to be elaborate as a pre-Columbian civilization of Mesoamerica c. They lived in the tropical lowlands of south-central Mexico, in the present-day states of Veracruz and Tabasco.

It has been speculated that the Olmecs derive in part from neighboring Mokaya or Mixe—Zoque. The Olmecs flourished during Mesoamerica 's formative period , dating roughly from as early as BC to about BC. The Olmec culture was first defined as an art style, and this continues to be the hallmark of the culture. Other art expresses fantastic anthropomorphic creatures, often highly stylized, using an iconography reflective of a religious meaning.

A historical person, likely an Olmec leader, is depicted in this monumental sculpture found at San Lorenzo in Tabasco , Mexico , a principal olmec center. Seated figurine; 12th—9th century BC; painted ceramic; height: 34 cm, width: Bird-shaped vessel; 12th—9th century BC; ceramic with red ochre ; height: Kunz axe ; — BC; polished green quartz aventurine ; height: 29 cm, width: The art of Pre-Islamic Arabia is related to that of neighbouring cultures.

Pre-Islamic Yemen produced stylized alabaster heads of great aesthetic and historic charm. Most of the pre-Islamic sculptures are made of alabaster.

Archaeology has revealed some early settled civilizations in Saudi Arabia : the Dilmun civilization on the east of the Arabian Peninsula, Thamud north of the Hejaz , and Kindah kingdom and Al-Magar civilization in the central of Arabian Peninsula. The earliest known events in Arabian history are migrations from the peninsula into neighbouring areas. Little Greene's oil-based Floor Paint is suitable for wood and concrete floors.

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Email us us the type of bloggers you want to reach out at anuj feedspot. Top 75 Woodworking blogs. Do you want more traffic, leads, and sales? Submit Your Blog. Fine Woodworking Magazine Newtown, Connecticut, United States About Blog Fine Woodworking provides all woodworkers with unique inspiration and information to improve their skills, accuracy and efficiency. Reddit » Woodworking San Francisco, California, United States About Blog This subreddit is a place for discussing woodworking, which is your home on reddit for furniture, toys, tools, wood, glue, and anything else that has to do with woodworking as a hobby or profession.

Woodworking Network - Cabinets Cedar Rapids , Iowa, United States About Blog Woodworking Network brings you the latest custom wood products, cabinetry and manufacturing news and trends for commercial and residential woodworkers. FastCap Ferndale, Washington, United States About Blog At FastCap, we use lean thinking to bring you not only the most innovative, but most practical and relevant woodworking tools and products.

Paul Sellers Abingdon, England, United Kingdom About Blog This is Paul Sellers woodworking blog where he posts snippets on hand tool woodworking instruction and notes about life and the world in general.

The Carpentry Way About Blog Designing and building structures with solid wood, emphasizing joinery without glue or metal fasteners. Port Townsend School of Woodworking Port Townsend, Washington, United States About Blog Immersive weekend, one-week, two-week and week courses on hand tool woodworking, furnituremaking, cabinetmaking, woodturning, carving and traditional woodcrafts.

WoodworkingWeb About Blog A blog for people who love woodworking.

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