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The Falcon is a development of the Falcon 50 , itself a development of the earlier Falcon The Falcon design incorporates composite materials and an S-duct to feed the central engine.
Improved models include the Falcon B , featuring improved engines and increased range, and the Falcon EX featuring further improvements in engines and range and an all- glass flight deck.
The same winglets are certified for the entire Falcon series as a retrofit kit. The Falcon is used by the Escadron de transport, d'entrainement et de calibration , which is in charge of transportation for officials of the French state.
Saudi Arabia. Data from [8]. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Aviation portal. Archived from the original on 8 April Retrieved 7 April Archived from the original on Retrieved Archived from the original on 21 May Aviation Week. Retrieved 15 May ISBN During December , the AdA placed an order for three prototypes; on 23 July , the first aircraft conducted its maiden flight.
During June , a pre-production batch of 10 aircraft were ordered, which was followed by an initial production order for 95 aircraft on 13 January Also scheduled to fly early in was the CM. In order to manufacture the type, Fouga opened a new assembly plant at Toulouse-Blagnac within a newly built complex. These were preceded by two "proof of concept" prototypes, designated the CM. By , in excess of Magisters had entered in service with various operators; according to Flight International, production within France had attained a completion rate of five aircraft per month, while the projected total of French-built Magisters was reportedly expected to eventually top units.
The type was also being produced overseas under licensed production arrangements in West Germany , Finland and Israel. As a result of these arrangements, a combined total of aircraft were completed under license. From , an improved version of the Magister, designated the CM. During , production of the Magister was terminated in France but continued to be constructed under licence in Finland up to The development of the aircraft had been brought to an end in response to the AdA selecting the rival Alpha Jet as its new jet trainer instead.
A keel fitted Jet Plane In French Usage under the rear fuselage functions to reduce the negative dihedral effect of the butterfly tail during rudder applications. The Magister was powered by a pair of Turbomeca Marbore turbojet engines, which provided lb of thrust each; it was promoted as offering "twin-engine safety with single-engined flying characteristics".
The two engines, which were placed close to the centre line, produced very little asymmetric thrust as a consequence; this was viewed as a valuable safety feature for a trainer aircraft. The rate of acceleration and rate of climb were less than contemporary frontline jet fighters, such as the de Havilland Vampire and Gloster Meteor , but was in excess of many of the previous generation of piston-engined trainer aircraft.
The design of the Magister paid close attention to simplicity of operation; as such, a minimum number of procedures were necessary prior to take-off. Provision was made for the installation of a pair of 7. Underwing hard points could be used to hold up to four rockets or a pair of lb bombs. The Magister was typically outfitted with avionics such as very high frequency VHF radio systems, Lear radio compass , and intercom; all cockpit electronics conformed to NATO accessibility standards.
The assorted levers, switches and dials that comprised the cockpit displays were typically easily observable, while ample room was provided for pilot comfort and space to accommodate a parachute.
The cockpit was pressurized as well as being provisioned with a fresh air system. The pedals were adjustable and had fairly permissible limits, while the cockpit itself was relatively easy to access, the canopy opening upwards and rearwards while using only a single step due to its low height.
The forward cockpit, normally used by the student, provided for excellent external visibility. The first Tzukit was completed in and entered service in The Fougas served with the IAF's flight school, where they were used for both basic and advanced jet training. In , the Magisters were replaced by A-4 Skyhawks in the advanced jet training role, keeping their basic training role alone.
By the beginning of the s, a plan was devised to upgrade and refurbish the aircraft, extending their service life. The refurbished aircraft featured over modifications, including new engines and a newly designed cockpit.
In , the flight school organized a fighting squadron, manned by school instructors and IAF reservists, to use the Magister as light attack aircraft in case of hostilities. In the Six-Day War , 44 Fougas were used by Squadron as a close support aircraft, attacking targets on the Sinai front during the first day of the war, when Israel's more capable combat aircraft were deployed on Operation Focus against Arab air bases.
Fougas reportedly destroyed over 50 tanks and over 70 other armoured vehicles, helping in holding back Jordanian armour which had been advancing towards Jerusalem.
The Magister proved effective in the close support mission, albeit sustaining heavy casualties in the process, with seven aircraft and six pilots recorded as having been lost. Nine former Israeli and three French Magisters were acquired by the Salvadoran Air Force and used as both trainers and ground attack aircraft in the Salvadoran Civil War using bombs and nose-mounted 7. They cooperated with Ouragans and ABs.
None is recorded as being lost to enemy fire, but only five were in operational condition by the end of the war. In —, Finland purchased 18 Magisters from France. At the same time it also obtained a manufacturing license. The Finnish aircraft manufacturer Valmet later built 62 Magisters between — Finland assigned a secondary attack role in the event of war, as the number of attack planes was limited by peace agreement with the Soviet Union.
The French built aircraft carried the designations FM A total of 21 Magisters were destroyed in accidents, six with fatal outcome. The Belgian Air Force operated 50 Magisters as primary trainers. The aerobatic team The Red Devils also used them as display aircraft.
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