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jet-planes-normally-fly-in-the-lower-part-of-the-out Commercial airliners fly high in part of Earth’s atmosphere, but why exactly? And why don’t helicopters fly as high? Here’s what to know.  “With these larger jets, when they take off from airports, their first job is essentially to get out and get as high as possible as quickly as possible,” says Adam Beckman, a lecturer for aviation studies at Ohio State University. Commercial aircraft typically fly between 31, and 38, feet — about to miles — high and usually reach their cruising altitudes in the first 10 minutes of a flight, according to Beckman. Planes can fly much higher than this altitude, but that can present safety issues.  Another reason why planes don’t fly higher is due to the weight of the aircraft. “The more you weigh, the harder it is to get to a certain altitude,” says Jorgenson. Exercise: Describing parts of a plane. In the following conversation, Peter (a professional pilot) explains to Juan (a Spanish trainee pilot) the names in English of the different parts of an airplane. From using both the text and the two images of aircraft above, try to guess what each aircraft part in bold in the text is. Then do the quiz at the end to check if you are right.  And the part of the fuselage behind the nose where the pilots fly the aircraft from?' Juan:'That's called the flight deck.' Peter:'Yes it is, but it is more commonly called the cockpit.  On some aircraft (especially bigger ones), they are powered by jet engines which are attached to the wings. On other aircraft (especially smaller ones), they are powered by a propeller which is normally attached to the nose of the airplane.'. LOS ANGELES - The FBI will be investigating an incident that took place near Los Angeles International Airport after an American Airlines pilot reported seeing a mystery person in a jetpack flying in the path of incoming jets Sunday evening. "The FBI is aware of the reports by pilots on Sunday and is working to determine what occurred," a spokesperson told FOX 11 on Tuesday. The American Airlines pilot reported via radio to the control tower seeing a "guy in a jetpack" as he was approaching LAX at about 3, feet and ten miles out for Jet Planes Normally Fly In The Lower Part Of The Dash Up a landing. In the video on this story. However, I note that it flew at a slightly lower altitude, tthe lower 30s for much of the flight. This percentage is roughly the same at all altitudes that an aircraft operates. If higher pressure is needed inside the cabin, the door closes. New York: MacMillan. Aero-News Network. Rockets are the oldest type and are mainly used when extremely high speeds or extremely high altitudes are needed.

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Click the link to confirm your subscription and begin receiving our newsletters. If you don't get the confirmation within 10 minutes, please check your spam folder. Related Stories. Biden Reinstates International Travel Restrictions. The 25 Defining Works of the Black Renaissance. You have reached your limit of 4 free articles. I have to fly a lot. However, I have been suffering from barodontalgia [tooth squeeze] on an increasing basis during ascents — not descents over the last 18 months-2 years.

Thus I have now been grounded for several months. By studying altitude graphs, I have noticed that the pain seems to start when the aircraft is climbing and attains 25, feet — at about 15 minutes after take-off and continues for about 30 minutes thereafter whilst the cruising height of about 35, feet is achieved. Oddly enough, I have discovered that I have not experienced the same problem on inter-continental longhaul flights — for example, Boeing FX ER ].

However, I note that it flew at a slightly lower altitude, the lower 30s for much of the flight. I am considering experimenting with a series of flights on a Bombardier Dash 8 Q because it only flies to 25, feet.

I am guessing that the effects of cabin pressure will not be as severe. I did a little bit of research and found that the Q cabin altitude at a cruise altitude of 25, is about 8, This is similar to most large airliners at cruise.

You are correct that when an airliner cruises at a lower altitude, the cabin altitude will be a little lower. Most aircraft pressurization systems are designed to keep the cabin at around feet. During an increase in altitude, gasses in our bodies expand which might explain why you have pain only during climb.

When descending, those same gasses are compressed as the atmospheric pressure increases. I wish I had some advice to give you. Because you may have a medical problem, the best advice will come from a medical professional. Unfortunately, they cannot locate the source of the problem, which may or may not be neurological in origin. My personal belief, based upon the fact of the same event happening on two consecutive days, at the same point on different flights, is that there are indeed gasses in my body expanding to cause me the pain — I believe that the condition is called barodontalgia.

I have researched various academic articles online in the context of how it affects pilots and aircrews. My reason for putting up my query on this website is to try and identify the precise trigger. In other words, might it be the rate at which the cabin pressure is changed or the amount by which it is changed, that is causing me the problems?

If I may put it this way. You can feel the pen. You know how much pressure you are applying to hold it. It is not painful. You trip and fall forwards. You put out your arms and hands to stop your fall. The surface on to which you fall is rough. The palms of your hands are grazed and, perhaps, slightly cut.

You swear. Slightly painful but bearable. You know that the pain in your hands was caused by the pressure of the fall of your hands on to the rough surface and you promise yourself to try and be more careful in future.

You are bound to a chair with the palm of your hand facing upwards. You scream because of the force of the drill going into the tissues of your hand. You would not wish this experience on anyone. As I stated previously — by examining flight altitude and speed graphs, I have identified two specific points in time during the ascent namely, at about 25, feet during an ascent to 35, feet of two different types of aircraft, namely, the Airbus A and the Boeing F2, on two consecutive days.

Some invisible force then attacks the nerves in my teeth and it is like example 3 above and it lasts for 30 minutes in the whole of my upper right teeth. I do not believe that the events are purely coincidental. Thus I believe that some aircraft system is engaged either by the pilot or an online computer at that point in the ascent. I understand your frustration. The pressurization system is automated on most every modern airliner.

We set the destination airport elevation before we take off and the system takes care of the rest. Let me know how it goes. If not, is the rate of pressurization constant or does it happen more rapidly near the end of the process?

Since the cabin is not sealed, does the pressure fluctuate even minor fluctuations would not be a natural state for the human body , and if so is this more pronounced at altitude? The rate of pressure decrease cabin altitude increase inside the cabin is fairly constant throughout the climb — about feet per minute.

If the aircraft makes an intermediate level off, cabin pressure will stabilize. When the aircraft resumes climb to cruise altitude, the cabin altitude will again start to climb at feet per minute.

If the aircraft climbs slowly, the cabin altitude will increase slowly; about fpm. If the pilots need to expedite the climb due to traffic or weather the cabin will climb more rapidly closer to fpm.

Cabin pressure controllers have been around for years. The devices have been perfected and control cabin pressure accurately and smoothly.

As for the natural state of the human body… Flying in an aircraft is most definitely not a natural state for our bodies. Even a smooth, fpm climb can be uncomfortable for some.

Thanks for breaking out the crayons on this! Heck some people even get altitude sickness in Denver. But if the pressure of the cabin is equal to 6k-8k feet, some people should have the same effect? Aircraft cabins are maintained at around feet which is well below the altitude most people will experience negative effects.

Thank you very much for the comments and the link. It is interesting that all the information on this page bears out what my neurosurgeon told me. I wondered why he knew so much about aircraft pressurization. I get quite ill after flying and remain so for a period of time after. I have a valve in my brain that releases the pressure of the cerebral spinal fluid if it gets too high. I was further told that it mimics the altitude pressure when I have went up to visit family that live at feet elevation and after being there a few hours I become ill.

I updated the sentence to reflect your comment. Your second comment only applies to bypass engines. Dear Ken , Excellent and Very informative article , thank you very much!

Please share your thoughts on below comment. Im guessing maybe more compressor power required to maintain 14 psi inside or increased weight of aircraft due to higher pressure leading to higher fuel consumption??? The maximum differential that can happen when we are dealing with pressures below atmospheric pressure on outside is 1 bar or 14 psi and the current fuselages must suffice for the same.

To maintain sea level pressure inside an aircraft cabin at cruise altitudes, the aircraft structure needs to be significantly stronger and heavier. This means that 8 pounds of pressure acts on every square inch of the aircraft interior. Increasing the interior cabin pressure to 14 psi significantly increases the forces on the aircraft.

I enjoyed reading your article from beginning till the end. Not that I read the article but I read all comments and your responses. Article reflects your knowledge and your talent in writing. Responses reflect your skill in providing accurate and adequate information. Thanks a lot for your englightening article.

I plan to read more and brush up my general knowledge. Thanks once again. By the way i happen to be a Marine Engineer sailed for almost 45 years, including 15 years as Chief Engineer. So your article was a delightful read. Warm Regards, Mohammed K. Khan emkaysails yahoo. I am guessing that the cabin pressurisation is via the overhead passenger comfort vents? If my assumption is correct, what happens if all of the passengers set theirs to the closed position?

Thank you for your informative articles. So nothing bad will happen if they are all closed. Most of the pressurization air enters the fuselage through vents in the cabin hidden by trim panels. My guess is that for a bleeds off landing, you turn off the bleeds off at about feet AGL. So you set the pressurization system to feet above airport elevation so when the bleeds are switched off, the cabin and outside pressure are equal.

Dear Ken, First, an amazing blog — as others have said — finally a good use for the internet! My question is on the Boeing Much appreciated! I just rode a to Japan — spectacular trip — even the food tasted better!

The most definitely has an APU. If both engines fail, a ram air turbine deploys to provide hydraulic power to flight controls.

The crew will start the APU to provide electrical power to the flight instruments and navigation system. What is the pressurisation situation, with the fuel? There are several pumps that carry fuel to the engines.

In the event of a low pressure pump failure, fuel can actually gravity feed to the high pressure pumps in the engine. There are vents in the wing tanks to allow air pressure to equalize during fueling and flight.

You need to be more specific about your project and what information you are going to use before I can grant permission. Thanks for that article Ken. Using sealant to attempt to seal off areas was not my favorite part of the job but we did it. I knew that the C uses bleed air to pressurize but was interested in knowing how the old bombers like the B29 accomplished it.

Your explanation was great, thanks!! We realized that these episodes were clearly related to his long flights. I was searching the web for info on the oxygen levels and air pressurization etc. I am also a frequent flyer hence all the discussions and comments were very educational and interesting.

All airliners fly with cabin altitudes between feet. The Dreamliner tends to have a slightly lower cabin altitude for a given flight level, but if the crew chooses to fly at a higher flight level due to weather or turbulence, the cabin will still end up around feet. However, the descent of a flight last night was extremely uncomfortable on my ears.

Very full feeling, diminished hearing and at times painful. This morning my hearing is still muffled. Thanks for any insight you can offer! Your symptoms sound like you have some sinus congestion; perhaps due to a mild allergy, a cold, or an irritant in the air. I have a hard time opening my ears during descent. My audiologist told me I could talk to the flight attendant and request that the pilot adjust the cabin pressure.

She said the pilot has some flexibility in the settings. Any truth to that? Also my ENT told some airplane models have better pressurization than others? Thoughts on that? The most common trick to equalize the pressure in your ears during descent is to do a Valsalva maneuver Valsalva — Wikipedia.

I use it often. Pressurization systems are automated and optimized for maximum comfort. All aircraft pressurization systems work using the same principles. Pressurization systems on modern aircraft all descend the cabin at about the same rate. Experienced high-altitude climbers are incredibly fit , are acclimatized to the altitudes, and have supplemental oxygen available for super-high climbs like Everest. It literally knocks the wind out of you and is crippling.

Are they also generally heated, at least enough to keep things liquids in suitcases, living things being transported from freezing? Yes, cargo areas on passenger planes and most freighters are pressurized with the same air as the main cabin so they remain a comfortable temperature. Ken you are so knowledgeable about your pressurization in the airplane.

My question is regarding the pressure on my body. I am a DVT deep vein thrombosis patient. Am i more in danger when the plane is being pressurized. Or am I more at risk at the longevity of the flight. But I often wonder if I should take a direct flight because of the pressurization.

You should absolutely consult your doctor on this issue. He or she will know best. On a B I fly the sim , we must set the cruising altitude prior to departure.

My question is, if I failed to set up the proper cruising attitude, and need to set or correct the altitude in midair, how can I do that? I need to take 4 foil packages which each include 5 vials of 2 mL liquid prescription medicine Budesonide.

The vials look similar to individual eye drop vials sold over the counter. Each vial is a little over one half filled which you twist one side to open. I will be flying on a Boeing for 5 hours, and a Boeing for 2 hours.

If I carry the sealed foil packages with TSA approval on a plane, will they leak or explode? It is great to find someone who might be able to throw some light on a strange situation. Twice I have been carried off of a commercial flight after loosing consciousness. In both cases I got dizzy, then passed out before takeoff, while the plane was taxiing towards the runway.

In both cases I was taken to the hospital and had a complete recovery and no real cause was determined other than to suggest that I was dehydrated. Love flying and have some hours as a private pilot, almost all in my own small single engine aircraft and no, I have no fear of aircraft and other than these two incidences, have not had any bad experiences.

Recently had some wax buildup in my ears, they were being flushed out, and I experienced the same dizziness and nearly passed out. This made me wonder, could the aircraft problem could be related to pressurization? Of course a plane need not be pressurized before takeoff, but is it possible that the pressure in a cabin might be changed while still taxing prior to takeoff?

Some aircraft pressurization systems begin modifying cabin pressure before takeoff. Ken, thank you for the info, The fact some begin modifying pressure before take off and some do not may explain why the problem occurs sometimes but not always.

If ever there will be an internal malfunction regarding depresurization of the aircraft,can we depresurized it external by doing manual and how? The and have two automatic pressurization systems. If one fails, the other takes over. If they both fail, we can control the outflow valve manually with a switch on the controller. Hello, I basically wanted to ask if the pressure in every seat of a plane is the same.. For example would a seat at the side, next to the passage for passengers have less pressure than a window seat?

I know that that size plane flys at 41, feet and has a cabin pressure of 6,, ft. Can I request the cabin pressure be low on the low side for comfort? If does the pilot even listen to those requests and or can they actually change it? In the past have had altitude sickness and now seem to be super sensitive to the changes. Just want to know if me asking is even worth Jet Planes Normally Fly In The Lower Part Of The Dash Java it? Thank you in advance!! The pressurization system is automated and designed to provide maximum comfort.

When a cruise altitude is selected, the system maintains the lowest cabin altitude it can max differential pressure. Just found your site when thinking about how negative air pressure is used in hospitals to ensure that a virus vacates the room where it should not be and thinking how airlines can encourage people to fly again and stay in business. Is it possible to increase the air circulation and accelerate the emptying of the cabin in such a fashion that any contaminated air particles are quickly dispersed?

Apologies if this is a stupid question. Not a stupid question at all. Aircraft cabins refresh air pretty quickly. Complete change-over in just a few minutes.

The problem is the guy next to you or behind you coughing. No pressurization system can fix that. I am a big fan of wearing masks in public, including on airplanes.

Thanks for this article, very clear and I learn a few things. I was always wondering how the pressurized airplanes got ride of the CO2. Dear Ken, you are a great source of information and thank you for you patience and hobby. Since the Covid 19 issue is to stay around for a while and air travel a must on cirtain unavoidable cases, please elaborate on the mist critical times during the flight.

Is it mire likely that the airflow rate is less during ground movements, take offs and landings. Thanking in advance for your expert input.

Hi Ken, Great article. The Mesosphere reaches about 50 miles above the surface. The Thermosphere extends out miles. The Exosphere extends over miles. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed. Outflow Valve Trivia: If you look at pictures of airliners taken prior to , you might see brown stains around the outflow valve. What is bleed air? Turbofan Operation by K. Share this: Facebook Twitter Email Pinterest.

Like this: Like Loading Does cabin pressure effect newly injected Botox or Dermal fillers? Hi Dirk. Can you be more specific? However, the temperatures in this layer are known to vary greatly depending on the season we are in. During the winter, they can get extremely low. The winds blowing in the stratosphere are much stronger than those in the troposphere. They can reach speeds of up to miles per hour. The stratosphere is the layer of the atmosphere where we can find the ozone layer.

The ozone layer forms when molecular oxygen absorbs the extremely high amounts of energy coming from the Sun. This happens at wavelengths that are shorter than nanometers.

When the oxygen molecules split, they produce radicals that combine with molecular oxygen and then form ozone. Ozone gets photolyzed faster than molecular oxygen. It also has a stronger absorption because of the more intense solar emission at its wavelengths.

The ozone layer is also known as the ozone shield, and it absorbs the majority of the ultraviolet radiation coming from the Sun. We mainly find the ozone layer in the lower parts of the stratosphere, although this varies depending on the geographical location.

The majority of commercial airlines fly at heights between 30, and 39, feet, which makes up the lower parts of the stratosphere.

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