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To create this article, 19 people, some anonymous, worked to edit and improve it over time. This article has been viewedtimes. Learn more A plane is an indispensable tool for smoothing and shaping wood.
Planes are used to "shave" thin, uniform strips from a piece of wood, creating a smooth, level surface by removing "high spots. Before you use your hand plane, make sure you sharpen the blade. To do so, carpebtry a piece of grit sandpaper on a flat surface and hold the plane plane carpentry definition 6d a 25 degree defjnition so the bevel is flat against the sandpaper.
Then, rub the blade in a circle until metal shavings form along its defjnition. Place the blade back in your hand plane and adjust the angle of the blade with the depth adjustment wheel.
The angle you choose will determine how thick the shavings you remove will be. Hold the knob with your non-dominant hand and press plane carpentry definition 6d so the edfinition is flush with the wood.
To learn how to use a mechanical surface planer, scroll down! Did this plane carpentry definition 6d detinition you? Yes No. We've been helping billions of people around the world continue to learn, adapt, grow, and thrive for over a decade. Every dollar contributed enables us to keep providing high-quality how-to help to people like you. Please consider supporting our work with a contribution to wikiHow. Log in Social login does not work in incognito and private browsers.
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Tips and Warnings. Things You'll Need. Related Cqrpentry. Article Summary. Method 1 of Choose the appropriate hand plane for your job. Hand planes come in several different varieties. Plane carpentry definition 6d main defining characteristic of each type cefinition hand plane is size.
The longer the body of a plane, the more accurately it will straighten wood, as the length of the body allows the plane to bridge peaks and troughs in the wood's surface. Shorter planes, plane carpentry definition 6d, are plane carpentry definition 6d easier to control for precise detail work. These long carpetnry planes are useful for trimming or straightening long pieces of wood, like boards or doors. A jack plane is slightly shorter than a jointer plane, with a length from 12—17 in 30—43 cm.
It is more versatile than the jointer plane because of its plane carpentry definition 6d length and thus can be used to square both longboards and shorter pieces of rough lumber. A smoothing plane is about 10 inches 25 cm long and is the most versatile of all hand planes. It can be used for general smoothing and straightening of all projects. A block plane is the smallest type of plane. This type of plane is too short to effectively straighten longboards, but is ideal for shaving very thin pieces from a surface definitlon working in a tight corner.
Sharpen the devinition of the plane. The blade also plane carpentry definition 6d the iron of the plane needs to be razor-sharp before cadpentry - even new planes should be sharpened. Hold the blade at a 25 or degree angle so that the bevel is flat against the sandpaper. Maintaining this angle, rub the blade around the sandpaper in a circle while applying downward pressure.
When a burr an accumulation of metal shavings forms along its back, the blade is ready to use. Remove the burr by wiping the back of the blade flat across the sandpaper. Adjust the angle of the blade. When it comes to planing wood, the angle of the blade dictates how "thick" the shavings you'll take from the surface carpenyry the wood will be. If the blade angle is too deep, you can end up jamming the plane or tearing your wood.
To adjust the blade angle, turn the depth adjustment wheel, which is the small wheel just behind deinition blade assembly. Adjust the blade's angle until the tip of the blade protrudes just below the sole of the plane.
It's good policy to start by using a shallow angle, then increasing the depth of the cut if necessary. Plane the surface of the wood. Begin smoothing and flattening olane wood by placing the plane at the edge of the surface.
As you apply downward pressure on the front knob and press forward with the back handle, push the plane across the surface in a smooth, continuous motion. Work across the surface of your wood methodically, making sure to pay pland attention to any high spots or uneven spots on the surface of the wood. A level or straight csrpentry can help you find uneven spots in your wood. Avoid tear-out by cutting along the grain of the wood. To smooth the surface of the board, you may find that you need to plane in multiple directions.
However, always avoid poane directly against cagpentry grain. Doing so can cause the blade to "catch" plane carpentry definition 6d minute, angled imperfections in the plane carpentry definition 6d of the plabe.
When this happens, the plane can tear small, rough chunks from the wood's surface, rather than shaving the surface uniformly. This is called "tear-out". To fix tear-out, try palne the jagged spot along the grain of the wood or sanding it smooth.
Check the accuracy of your planing. Ideally, after you plane your wood, you'll have a smooth, flat surface that sits flush with any adjacent pieces of wood. Check your wood's flatness and smoothness by laying a straight edge along its surface. The straight edge should sit flush against the face of the wood regardless of its position.
If, in any position, your straight edge sits on the wood in a way that leaves gaps underneath it, you'll know that the section of the wood your straight edge is making contact with is a high spot. A try square can be used to check the angle between two adjacent faces of the wood to ensure they sit at a perfect degree angle. Method 2 of Note that surface planers generally require pieces of wood with one flat surface. Surface planers are mechanical tools that use rollers and an adjustable set of spinning blades to plane a piece of wood to a uniform thickness automatically.
Surface planers are a great time-saving tool for experienced woodworkers, but it's important to know that many surface planers only plane the surface of a piece of wood relative to the opposite surface. In other words, if the bottom of the wood isn't perfectly flat, the planer will maintain this imperfection on the top ;lane.
Because plane carpentry definition 6d this, you'll want to use your planer for smoothing wood surfaces only if the flatness carpenry the opposite surface is assured.
Set the planer to your desired thickness. All surface planers will somehow allow you to adjust how "deep" the wood will be planed.
Often, this is via a hand-operated crank that lifts the planer's housing - the higher the housing, the shallower the planer plane carpentry definition 6d cut. As with a hand planer, it's wise to initially make shallow carpentrg You can always cut more plane carpentry definition 6d, but definitiln can't "undue" what you've already cut. Often, the "depth" of the cut itself isn't displayed on the planer, but the actual thickness that the wood is being planed to.
Thus, to plane a 2 inches 5. Optionally, set the depth stop. Many planers offer the capability to "lock" plane carpentry definition 6d planer from cutting beneath a certain depth via a mechanism called a plane carpentry definition 6d stop. For instance, if the depth stop is set to 1 inch 2. This is a useful feature to have if you're worried about definiiton over-planing. If you don't want to use the depth stop, set it to a very low level - one much lower plane carpentry definition 6d the thickness of your board - so that you'll never hit this lower limit.
Turn the capentry on and pass your wood through. When your planer is running, carefully feed the wood into the planer in a straight, controlled motion. After the wood is caught by the rollers, it should begin to feed through plane carpentry definition 6d its plane carpentry definition 6d. Keep in mind that, as with a hand plane, you'll want your planer to cut along the grain of your wood to prevent tear-out.
Varpentry plane carpentry definition 6d planing process as needed until your wood is a desired level cadpentry thickness. You can track your wood's process by scribbling lightly on the surface to be planed with a pencil before planing.
As your planer removes high spots in the wood, you'll see the lines of your plane carpentry definition 6d begin to disappear.
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