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types-of-vintage-hand-planes Tuning time. What Vintage Hand Plane is Best? | TimeTestedTools

A hand plane is a tool for shaping wood using muscle power to force the cutting blade over the wood surface. Some rotary power planers are motorized power tools used for the same types of larger tasks, but are unsuitable for fine-scale planing, where a miniature hand plane is used. Generally, all types of vintage hand planes are used to flatten, reduce the thickness of, and impart a smooth surface to a rough piece of lumber or timber.

Planing is also used to produce horizontal, vertical, or inclined flat surfaces on workpieces usually too large for shaping, where the integrity of the whole requires the same types of vintage hand planes surface. Special types of planes are designed to cut joints or decorative mouldings.

Hand planes are generally the combination of a cutting edge, such as a sharpened metal plate, attached to a firm body, that when moved over a wood surface, take up relatively uniform shavings, by nature of the body riding on the 'high spots' in the wood, and also by providing a relatively constant angle to the cutting edge, render the planed surface very smooth.

A cutter that extends below the bottom surface, or soleof the plane slices off shavings of wood. A large, flat sole on a plane guides the cutter to remove only the highest parts of an imperfect surface, until, after several passes, the surface is types of vintage hand planes and types of vintage hand planes. When used for flattening, bench planes with longer soles are preferred for boards with longer longitudinal dimensions.

A longer sole registers against a greater portion of the board's face or edge surface which leads to plane more consistently flat surface or straighter edge. Conversely, using a smaller plane allows for more localized low or high spots to remain.

Though most planes are pushed across a piece of wood, holding it with one types of vintage hand planes both hands, Japanese typee are pulled toward the body, not pushed away.

Woodworking machinery that perform a similar function as hand planes include the jointer and the jand planeralso called a thicknesser; the job these specialty power tools can still be done by hand planers and skilled manual labor as it was for many centuries. When rough lumber is reduced to dimensional types of vintage hand planesa large electric motor or internal combustion engine will drive a thickness planer that removes a certain percentage types of vintage hand planes excess planse to create a uniform, smooth surface on all four sides of the board and in specialty woods, may also plane the cut edges.

Hand planes are ancient, originating thousands of years ago. Early planes were made from wood with a rectangular slot or mortise cut across the center of the body.

The cutting blade or iron was held in place with a wooden wedge. The wedge was tapped into the mortise and adjusted with a small mallettypes of vintage hand planes piece of scrap wood or with the heel of the user's hand.

Typees of this type have been found in excavations of old sites as well as drawings of woodworking from medieval Europe and Asia. The earliest known examples of the woodworking plane have been found in Pompeii although other Roman examples have been unearthed in Britain and Germany.

The Roman planes resemble modern planes in essential function, most having iron wrapping a wooden core top, bottom, front and rear, and an iron types of vintage hand planes secured with a wedge.

One example found in Cologne has a body made entirely of bronze without a wooden core. There are suggestions that the earliest planes were simply wooden blocks fastened to the soles of adzes to effect greater control of the cutting action. The Bailey and Bedrock designs became the basis for most modern metal hand plane designs manufactured today.

The Bailey design is still manufactured by Stanley Works. In an air-powered handheld planing tool was developed to reduce shipbuilding labor during World War I. The air-driven cutter spun at to rpm and allowed one man to do the planing work of up to fifteen men who used manual tools.

Modern typee planes are made from wood, ductile iron or bronze which produces a tool that is heavier and will not rust. Most planes fall within the categories by size of block planesmoothing planeand jointing plane. Specialty vintate include the shoulder planerouter planebullnose planeand chisel planeamong others.

Types of vintage hand planes powered hand planers loosely referred to as power planes have joined the hand-held plane family.

Most metal bench planes, and some larger wooden ones, are designed with a rear handle known as a tote.

The block plane is a smaller tool that can be held with one hand which excels at working against the grain on a cut end of a board. It is also types of vintage hand planes for general purpose work such as taking down a knot in the wood, smoothing small pieces, and chamfering edges.

Different types of bench planes are designed to perform different tasks, with the name and size of the plane being defined by the use. Bailey iron bench planes were designated types of vintage hand planes number respective to the length of the plane. This has carried over through the type, regardless of manufacturer.

A ty;es smoothing plane approx. A designation, such as No. Planing wood along its side grain should result in vintxge shavings rising above the surface of the wood as the edge of the plane iron is pushed forward, leaving a smooth surface, but sometimes splintering occurs. This is largely a matter of cutting with the grain or against the grain respectively, referring to the side grain of the piece of wood being worked.

The grain direction can be determined by looking at the edge or side of the work piece. Wood fibers can be ivntage running out to the surface that is being planed. When the fibers meet the work surface it looks like the point of an arrow that indicates the direction. With some very figured and types of vintage hand planes woods, the grain runs in many directions and therefore working against the grain is inevitable.

In this case, a very sharp and finely-set blade is required. When planing against the grainthe wood fibers are lifted by the plane iron, resulting in a jagged finish, called tearout. Planing the end grain of the board involves different techniques and frequently different planes designed for working end grain.

Block planes and other bevel-up planes are often effective in planing the difficult nature of end grain. These planes are usually designed to use an iron bedded at a "low angle," typically about 12 degrees. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Tool for working with wood. A Japanese plane in use. Hampton, E. Clifford: "Planecraft", page 9. Hampton Ltd. Mercer: "Ancient Carpenters' Tools", page Bucks County Historical Society. Archived from the original on vintsge Retrieved Cutting and abrasive tools. History Glossary Wood lumber. Frame and panel Frameless construction.

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Types of Hand Planes Depending on their size, most planes are categorized as either bench planes or block planes. Bench planes are characterized by the plane iron with the bevel facing down and attached to the cap iron. Block planes are characterized by the plane iron with the bevel facing up. RARE Antique Sargent & Co. Wooden Smooth Plane "US" Engraved No. 3, Double Iron, Cast-Steel and Wood Hand Plane, Made in Ohio. PharmTreasures. Mar 25,  · Here is a list of the types and dates of the Stanley planes: Stanley Type 1 Handplanes: Stanley Type 2 Handplanes: Stanley Type 3 Handplanes: Stanley Type 4 Handplanes: Stanley Type 5 Handplanes: Stanley Type 6 Handplanes: Stanley Type 7 5/5(1).

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