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shoulder-plane-blade-sharpen-youtube Tung Oil. Apparatus on an electric drill that can control the amount of torque applied to a bit. The basic structure of a cabinet or other generally rectangular construct; sometimes spelled carcase. Witness Lines. To firmly rub a surface in order to youtubbe it or to adhere a glued surface treatment, often done with a rounded tool. A circular saw blade with a shoulder plane blade sharpen youtube configuration designed to perform both crosscutting and ripping operations; sometimes called an all- purpose blade. Mild abrasive used to remove oxidization from the topmost layers of finish, thereby restoring its shine.

Narrow, thin material, generally either wood veneer or plastic laminate, sold in rolls and used to conceal the exposed edges of plywood or other unattractive surfaces. Often supplied with pressure-sensitive or heat-activated adhesive applied to the back.

Edge-Belt Sander. End Grain. An adhesive capable of joining dissimilar materials and sometimes of filling voids, usually consisting of two parts, a resin and a hardener, which must be mixed together to activate.

Equilibrium Moisture Content. Extension Table. An accessory, often constructed of cast iron or pressed steel, designed to increase the effective width of a table saw or other power tool; sometimes called a wing. The outward visible surface of a cabinet or other piece of furniture or of a piece of wood. Face Frame. The front of a cabinet consisting of vertical stiles and horizontal rails, to which the doors and drawers are attached.

A metal disk used to attach wood blanks to a lathe for turning bowls or similar projects that cannot be secured simultaneously by the headstock and tailstock. Feather Board. Comblike accessory with flexible teeth that is attached to a cutting tool in order to hold the workpiece tight to the bit or blade and allowing it to move only in the direction of the cut, thus preventing kickback.

Feed Rate. Feeler Gauge. Measuring tool consisting of several precisely sized strips of steel designed to achieve an accurate measurement of small gaps.

Although commonly an automotive tool, it finds many applications in the wood shop. Fixture attached to a stationary machine or tool that guides the workpiece in a straight line against the tool, or guides a portable tool in a straight line against a workpiece. An attractive rippled grain pattern in wood often seen on the backs of violins; also referred to as curly or tiger.

Film Finish. Transparent outer protective surface of a piece of furniture or cabinetry that has been treated with a product such as lacquer or varnish. Finger Joint. A method of connecting pieces of wood, either perpendicularly or end to end, by means of interlocking parallel cuts; sometimes used to describe a box joint.

Decorative cap most often placed atop a thin vertical object such as a newel post, flagpole, weathervane, or hinge pin. Firsts and Seconds FAS. A designation for the two highest grades of hardwood lumber, followed by "selects" and "no.

A type of router in which the bit must be set at a single depth that is not adjustable during the cutting process. An auxiliary device secured to a tool to guide workpieces through the tool in a consistent and repeatable fashion.

Flat Sawn. Lumber cut in parallel slices from a log so that the grain pattern is partially or entirely parallel to the face of the board; also called plain sawn. Flattening Agent. A chemical compound added to wood finish to reduce gloss; sometimes called flatting agent.

Flat-Top Tooth. Flush-Trim Bit. Straight-sided cutter for use in a router, normally with an integral guide bearing that follows the shape of a pattern or workpiece, resulting in a cut that exactly conforms to that shape. Forstner Bit. A drill bit used for making flat-bottomed holes, often in larger diameters than standard twist drills make.

Frameless Cabinet. Cabinet in which the top, bottom, sides, and sometimes fixed shelves form the structure without the need for a face frame; if doors are present they are attached directly to the sides by means of special hinges.

Framing Lumber. Lumber used primarily in the building trades, usually a nominal 2" thick 2x4, 2x6, etc. Framing Nail. Framing Nailer. A portable tool, most often powered by compressed air, used to drive large nails in building construction. Fret Saw. A thin-bladed cutting tool similar to a coping saw but with a deeper frame; used to make the same types of cuts as a powered scroll saw.

Intricate decorative patterns cut from flat stock with a fret saw or scroll saw; often called gingerbread. Friction Polish. Any finish that is cured by heat generated through friction; commonly used in woodturning applications. Full-Extension Slide. Type of drawer glide designed to bear the weight of a drawer box pulled all the way out of its opening. Gib Screws. Intricate decorative patterns cut from flat stock with a fret saw or scroll saw; often called fretwork. Glue Line. A smooth, flat surface on the edge of a board, suitable for joining to a similarly prepared board with no gaps; the appearance created by such a joint.

Grain Reversal. In staining, when pigment adheres more thickly to the lighter areas of wood and not to denser dark areas, resulting in the reversal of light and dark grain areas. Green Woodturning. The abrasive material adhered to a backing to produce sandpaper and similar abrasive products. Rectangular channel cut in the direction of the grain, usually along the long dimension of a board; similar to a dado, which is cut across the grain.

Growth Ring. A pattern of alternating light and dark wood created by seasonal changes during a single year of a tree's life cycle. Guide Blocks. On a band saw, small metal, ceramic or phenolic blocks that mount on each side of the blade to keep it from twisting and flexing from side-to-side during cuts.

Guide Collar. A metal bushing attached to the base plate Smoothing Plane Blade Sharpening 500 of a router through which the bit protrudes and which follows a pattern to produce a precisely shaped cut. Half-Blind Dovetail. Hand Screw. A thin, hard-surfaced building material made from compressed wood fibers; often referred to as Masonite, a well-known brand name of hardboard. Haunched Mortise-and-Tenon. Like a standard mortise-and-tenon joint except the tenon has an additional stub or shoulder on the top that fits into a matching recess in the mortise.

Hide Glue. Hinge Mortise. Hole Saw. A circular cutting tool mounted in a drill with a pilot bit in the center and teeth around the perimeter, designed to create larger-diameter holes than are generally practical with standard drill bits.

Hollow Grind. Hollow Vessel. A generally vase-shaped woodturning, often with an opening that is smaller than the diameter of the turning. Hollowing Tool. A small-ended scraper, sometimes with a curved shaft, designed for making hollow vessels on a lathe.

Honing Guide. The amount of forward positive or backward negative lean of a tooth on a circular saw blade relative to the blade's circumference.

Hot-Melt Glue. Hybrid Table Saw. A power tool that is similar in power and cost to a contractor's saw but sharing many design features of a cabinet saw, such as motor and blade mounting configuration. Impact Driver. Power tool similar to an electric drill that combines rotary drilling motion with a back-and-forth tapping motion to secure screws, nuts, and bolts more efficiently. Induction Motor. A heavy-duty electrical motor of the type found on most stationary woodworking machinery.

A removable, often replaceable, part of a tool such as the throat plate on a table saw. Insert Cutter. An accessory for a saw, router, shaper, molding machine, or other cutting tool, consisting of a heavy circular base into which two or more matching knives can be installed to create detailed profiles in wood. Knives with different patterns can be installed in the same base, helping to control tooling costs.

An auxiliary device most often secured to a workpiece to guide it through a tool or a tool through the workpiece , or to make multiple measurements in a consistent and repeatable fashion. A highly dangerous situation in which a spinning blade snags a workpiece and hurls it back at the operator at high velocity. The replaceable cutting edge in a woodworking tool; also called a cutter or a blade. Knife Hinge. A door-mounting device that opens and closes by means of a stack of interlocking flat metal bars, rather than a pin as in a standard hinge.

Lac Bug. Insect Laccifera lacca whose secreted resinous shell is used for the creation of shellac finish. Lag Screw. A large, heavy-duty fastener most often used to anchor heavy components directly into a structure's wood framing; also called a lag bolt. Laminate noun. A thin plastic layer attached to sheet material to create a smooth, colorful, and durable surface.

Laminate verb. Laminate Trimmer. Lap Joint. A method of connecting two pieces of wood of equal thickness by removing half the material from the top surface of one piece and half from the bottom surface of the other and securing the two mating surfaces with glue or fasteners. Lapping Plate. Harder wood that is produced during the latter part of the growing season; also called summerwood.

Leg Set. Linseed Oil. A substance extracted from the seeds of the flax plant and used as a wood finish; available both boiled referred to as BLO and raw. Live Center. One of two mounting points on a lathe for spindle turning, it spins on its own bearings and is installed at the nondriven, tailstock end. Loose Knot. A knot that is detached from the surrounding wood, but frequently Shoulder Plane Blade Sharpen Filter held in place within a board by its shape.

Loose Side. Machine Screw. Threaded fastener similar to a small bolt but with a slotted or Phillips head like a screw, used with a nut or in a tapped hole; sometimes called a stove bolt. A mounting rod used to turn hollow cylindrical blanks on a lathe, as for pen parts. Marking Gauge. A device that uses a knife or other sharp point to transfer measured lines to a workpiece. Technique using veneer of contrasting woods cut into pieces and arranged to form a pattern.

An engineered wood product made from compressed wood fibers, sawdust, resins, and waxes and generally available in 4'x 8' sheets. Milk Paint. Mineral Spirits. Miter Box. Miter Gauge. An accessory with an adjustable fence enabling angled cuts; has a rectangular runner on the underside that allows it to be used on any woodworking machine equipped with a miter slot.

Miter Joint. Miter Slot. A shallow slot on a woodworking machine that guides a miter gauge or other device equipped with a runner sized to fit to the slot. Miter Square. Moisture Content. A length of wood into which a decorative profile has been milled, often used as transition between two walls or surfaces.

Morse Taper MT. A standard for mounting shafts used on drill presses, chuck components, and lathe centers manufactured with a slightly conical shape to facilitate quick bit changes and accurate centering.

A generally rectangular cavity cut into a framing member to accept a mating tenon or a piece of hardware, such as a hinge. A strong form of joinery in which a generally rectangular stub tenon cut on one piece of stock is inserted into a matching cavity mortise cut into another and secured with glue or pegs. A machine similar to a drill press but with a hollow, square chisel surrounding the drill bit, used to cut square or rectangular cavities, known as mortises, in wood.

A thin divider strip used to separate panes of glass or mirror within a multiple arrangement; sometimes called a muntin. Nail Set. A metal tool similar to a punch used to recess the heads of finishing nails below the surface. Natural-Edge Turning. A woodturning, usually a bowl or goblet, which features remnants of bark along the rim. The upright post at the top or bottom of a staircase into which the banister assembly is mounted. Nondrying Oil. When used on wood, any oil-based finish that penetrates the surface but does not harden when exposed to air; mineral oil and most vegetable oils are nondrying.

An S-shaped decorative molding or edge profile consisting of a concave arc flowing into a convex arc; sometimes called a Roman ogee. One-By 1-by. A one-of-a-kind project, usually a piece of furniture made to a customer's specifications. Open Coat. Open Time. The amount of time that glue can be exposed to the air and still be workable; also called working life or pot life.

Any wood with wide, conspicuous growth ring, large pores, and a grainy surface texture, such as oak, ash, and walnut; also called coarse-grained. An eccentric, somewhat circular motion used by some powered cutting and sanding tools.

Oriented Strand Board. Type of building panel similar to plywood, made up of small, flat wood chips glued together to form large sheets; often abbreviated OSB.

Oscillating Drum Sander. A powered surfacing tool in which an abrasive cylinder simultaneously rotates and moves up and down for sanding complex shapes. Outboard Turning. To pivot a lathe's headstock away from the lathe bed, increasing the machine's capacity for turning large bowls. Overlay Door. Paint Thinner. Painter's Tape. Adhesive paper tape usually blue used to mask areas adjacent to surfaces being painted and then be easily Shoulder Plane Blade Sharpen Control removed without leaving any residue.

Palm Sander. A flat rectangle of wood often constructed by gluing several boards together side by side. Panel Saw. A woodworking machine used for cutting large sheets of material to a more manageable size. A building or substrate material made by compressing tiny wood chips with adhesive and forming them into sheets.

Parting Tool. A sheet of hardboard perforated with evenly spaced holes, most often used as a mounting surface for specialized brackets and hangers. Pen Lathe. A very small lathe, usually weighing less than 12 pounds, used for small turnings such as pens and jewelry. The specification designating sizes of nails; also called pennyweight. Abbreviated with the letter d; for example, 10d finish nails.

A type of screw invented by Henry Phillips in the s, with a cross- shaped indentation in the head; also the cross-shaped screwdriver head used to turn it. Piano Hinge. A long, narrow hinge with attachment points at short-spaced intervals and a connecting pin running its entire length. Pigtail Scratches. The curlicue scratches sometimes caused by handheld electric sanders; sometimes called swirling.

A flat, pillar-shaped detail added to the upper portion of furniture for decoration. Pilot Bearing. Pin Nailer. A powered tool that drives tiny, sharp, nearly invisible pins into small moldings and other thin furniture components to provide mechanical fastening to supplement gluing.

Pin Router. A power tool with a router bit protruding from a horizontal surface similar to a router table but with an overhead locating pin that follows a pattern to guide the material over the bit in order to create multiple identical pieces. Pipe Clamp. A clamp made by attaching a fixed jaw on one end of a length of steel pipe and an adjustable jaw at the other end.

Pivot Block. A guide used for resawing that allows the workpiece to be pivoted to follow a cut line; sometimes called a point fence. Pivot Hinge. Plain Sawn. The most common type of cut lumber; shows pronounced growth rings running almost parallel to the board's face.

A flat plate or caul often part of an assembly used to adhere veneer to a substrate. A round piece of wood glued in place over a countersunk screw to hide the screw head. Plunge Router.

Pocket Hole. An elliptical slot bored at an angle in the face of a board, through which a screw is driven to secure that board to an adjacent piece of wood; sometimes called screw pocket. A type of flexible plastic used in sheeting, expanding foam insulation, and glues; often called simply poly. Polyvinyl Acetate. Positive Stop. Pot Life. The amount of time that glue can be exposed to the air and still be workable; also called working life or open time.

Primary Wood. The main wood used in project construction that is generally seen, such as tops, sides, doors, and drawer fronts. Push Stick. An accessory used to push a workpiece through a cutting edge, keeping hands a safe distance away.

Queen Anne. English furniture design based on the Baroque style developed during the reign of Queen Anne, — A shelflike joint sized to match the workpiece that fits into it; European form is "rebate".

Raised Grain. A lifting of grain on the surface of a board usually caused by the application of water or a water-based finish. Raised Panel. A construction in which the thinned edges of a wooden panel are inserted into a channel formed on the inside edges of the stiles and rails; the panel used in such construction.

The flat-topped tooth in an alternate top bevel ATB circular saw blade that cleans out the material at the bottom Shoulder Plane Replacement Blades Electric of the cut to flatten it. Random Orbit. The eccentric, swirling motion of a tool such as a disk sander designed to minimize the visible pattern of sanding scratches.

Ray Flecking. Reaction Wood. A condition of lumber in which the tree was subject to mechanical stress during its growth; see "compression wood" and "tension wood". Relief Carving. Relief Cut. A kerf cut on the hidden side of a board used to relieve internal stress on the visible side to prevent splitting or cracking. Rift Sawn. Right Side. The side of a board that will be visible in the finished piece; the smooth side of a sheet of veneer.

Rip Blade. Riving Knife. A thin piece of metal behind a saw blade that prevents wood from touching the rear of the blade and possibly causing a kickback; unlike a splitter, which is fixed, a riving knife moves to always keep the same orientation with the saw blade. Robertson Head.

Rotary Cut. Rotary Tool. Small handheld electric tool that spins a variety of cutting, grinding, sanding, polishing, and other specialty tips; often used for hobby crafts.

Rough Sawn. Rough Turn. Roughing Gouge. Rubbing Compound. Mild abrasive used to remove oxidization from the topmost layers of finish, thereby restoring its shine. Rubbing Out a Finish. The degree to which a rotating tool wobbles as it spins; an undesirable characteristic. Sacrificial Fence. A temporary fence attached to a main fence that is often damaged during the cutting process, then discarded.

Sanding Drum. A person who operates a saw; commonly used to describe someone who works in a sawmill. Scarf Joint. Scuff Sand. Light sanding given to wood finishes between multiple coats to improve adhesion of successive coats. Sealer Coat. Secondary Bevel.

An additional sharpening step performed on the cutting edge of a blade, chisel, or plane iron that creates a bevel a few degrees off from the primary bevel. Secondary Wood. Wood used in project construction that is generally not seen, such as drawer boxes and interior cabinet shelves. Cutter knives in a woodworking machine that are notched or otherwise indexed so that they automatically seat in the correct position.

Self-Sealing Finishes. Set Screw. A small screw commonly used to adjust a machine component, such as the level of the throat plate on a table saw, or the guide blocks on a band saw. A heavy-duty woodworking machine similar to a router designed to mill profiles on workpiece edges. Shaving Horse. A combination bench and seat for carving; a movable end piece is held with the foot to clamp a workpiece in place, freeing both hands.

Sheet Goods. Plywood, MDF, or other materials usually sold in sheets, with 4' x 8' being the most common size. Sheet-Metal Screw. A sharp-pointed, self-tapping threaded fastener most often used to attach pieces of thin metal to each other or some other material. Shooting Board. On a saw blade, a raised portion of metal behind each tooth that adds strength to the blade and helps prevent kickback.

On a wooden workpiece, the area that surrounds or abuts a projection; for example, the end of a board from which a tenon projects. Silicon Carbide. A very hard, uniform, fast- cutting abrasive material used in high- quality sandpapers and on the cutting edges of tools.

To run a rough-sawn board through a planer just enough to reveal the wood's characteristics. Skip Tooth. Device to guide a workpiece squarely and safely through the cutting edge of a woodworking machine, usually a table saw.

Sliding Bevel. An adjustable square used to measure or mark angles; sometimes called a bevel gauge. Sliding Dovetail. A form of joinery similar to a dado but with angled rather than vertical sides and a mating piece with grooves cut along its width at a corresponding angle. Sliding Table. On a table saw, a movable portion of the table used to feed a workpiece squarely through the blade. Slip Match. A veneer pattern created by aligning successive pieces side by side vertically but offsetting them horizontally.

Then, use the tool. Later on, adjust the chipbreaker and mouth opening as needed for your work. That's it! The Core Tool Concept can help demystify the world of hand tools for people who are just getting started with hand tool woodworking. A simple set of core hand tools enables you to efficiently and safely build furniture in a small shop, for a fraction of the cost and space required for power tools to do the same things.

Not only is each core tool capable of performing a variety of tasks individually, but they offer virtually limitless possibilities when they work together as a set. Unless you are already a seasoned hand tool woodworker, the vast array of hand tool choices in today's market may seem overwhelming. Here are some tips for choosing core tools for furniture building. Everyone needs a Block Plane, and our No. If you start with rough wood, the next tool you need is a Jack Plane — our No.

Next or if you start with pre-surfaced wood , comes a flattening tool, which would be a Jointer Plane, usually a No. For finishing surfaces you will need a Smoother — a No. Then, consider a shoulder plane for trimming joints — the No.

Start with a couple of sizes and go from there. Our chisels only need a light honing to get started. For joinery, start with a Tapered Dovetail Saw. Especially when sawing, remember: let the tool do the work. Often overlooked, a good bench is essential for hand tool work. A well designed bench holds your boards so you can easily work the faces, edges and ends of your pieces. Our workbenches and vise hardware are designed to be rugged and effective at holding the work for a variety of operations.

To get the most out of your hand tools, it is important to learn to sharpen well. Visit our YouTube channel for a simple, effective method that gets great results.

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