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The Hobby Lobby smuggling scandal started in when representatives of the Hobby Lobby chain of craft stores received a large number of clay hbby and tablets originating in the ancient Near East.
The artifacts were intended for the Museum of the Bible gor, funded by the Evangelical Christian Green family, which owns the Oklahoma-based chain. Several shipments of the artifacts were seized by US customs agents intriggering a years-long struggle between Hobby Lobby and the federal government that culminated in a civil forfeiture case United Lbby of America v.
The artifacts were largely cuneiform tablets, clay bullaeand cylinder sealswith some likely originating from the ancient city of Irisagrig on the Tigris. Archaeologists say some items may knobs and pulls hobby lobby for come from the National Museum of Iraqwhich had been looted after the American invasion of Iraq in Hobby Lobby made mass purchases knobs and pulls hobby lobby for few pieces of vague paperwork and scant pulla, [11] knobs and pulls hobby lobby for "having commissioned inexperienced scholars to analyze ancient texts" according to Bible scholars in the book Bible Nation.
So we have no way of knowing where these came from. Through the s, Knobs And Pulls Hobby Lobby List the entire antiquities market—especially Hobby Lobby staff—had been widely and publicly warned of the proliferation of fakes, all manufactured with the same cheap flaws that are obvious to expert analysts. She generally warned, "Many puls antiquities surely come from illegal excavations or looting of archaeological sites".
When the cuneiform tablets were shipped to the United States, they were misrepresented on declarations as being ceramic and clay tile samples, and contained false designations of origin stating that the objects were from Turkey and Israel. In Octoberan expert on cultural property law retained by Hobby Lobby warned the company that the pulks of cultural property likely from Iraq, including cuneiform tablets and cylinder seals, carries a risk that such objects may have been looted from archaeological sites in Iraq.
The expert also advised Hobby Lobby to review its collection of antiquities for any objects of Iraqi origin and to verify that their country of origin was properly declared at the time of importation into the United States. The expert warned Hobby Lobby that an improper declaration of country of origin for cultural property could lead to seizure and knobs and pulls hobby lobby for of the artifacts by CBP.
Foe Israeli Antiquities Authority had been contacted in by the United States Department of Homeland Securityand provided Israeli authorities with evidence of money transfers between Green and Israeli-licensed antiquities knobs and pulls hobby lobby for. In all, five individuals were arrested for tax evasion.
In Octoberthe Museum of the Bible revealed that five of its sixteen Dead Sea Scrolls fragments are counterfeit; [25] and in Knobs and pulls hobby lobby forindependent art fraud investigators hired by the museum revealed that all sixteen fragments are counterfeit, made from ancient leather and modern inks.
The museum removed the display fof another disputed artifact, a miniature bible which a NASA astronaut had purportedly carried to the pulla. In Octoberofficials from the British Egypt Exploration Societya nonprofit organization that manages the Papyri Project, alleged that Oxford academic Dirk Obbink engaged in the theft and sale of "at least 11 knobs and pulls hobby lobby for Bible fragments to the Green family, the Hobby Lobby owners who operate a Bible museum and charitable organization in Washington".
In MarchNational Geographic reported that the museum was "reevaluating the provenance of all the material in its collection" with the lobbu of returning stolen objects. Green admitted, "I knew little about the world of collecting The criticism of the museum resulting from my mistakes was justified. The auction house lied about how the artifact had entered the market, claiming it had been on the market in the United States for decades.
In Septemberfederal authorities seized the knobs and pulls hobby lobby for, and in Mayxnd civil complaint was filed to forfeit it. In January8, clay objects were transferred to the Iraq Museumand Steve Green announced, "we transferred control of the fine art storage facility that housed the pulld, Egyptian items to the U. We understand the U. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Business Insider. Retrieved January 7, Retrieved May 3, Wall Street Journal. The Atlantic. Retrieved March 14, July 5, bobby Retrieved August 2, The Daily Beast. Retrieved July 5, The Guardian. ISSN The New York Times. Retrieved July 6, hkbby BBC News. July 6, Retrieved July 4, September 22, Princeton University Press. ISBN Art World. Immigration and Customs Enforcement USA Today. Retrieved November 18, August 1, The Jerusalem Post JPost.
Retrieved Hkbby 20, Cornell University studies in Assyriology and Sumerology. University Park, Pennsylvania Eisenbrauns. OCLC Were They Stolen? Live Science. Retrieved January 12, Ancient Origins. Retrieved March 16, Associated Press. Washington Post. National Geographic. Retrieved March 13, ArtNet News. Retrieved April 18, Retrieved May 19, NBC News. US Department of Justice. Retrieved May 21, Retrieved January 31, Hidden categories: Wikipedia articles pjlls page number citations from July Commons lkbby link is on Knobs and pulls hobby lobby for. Namespaces Article Talk.
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