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Furniture manufacturers have used stained birch in lieu of more expensive hardwoods for decades. Birch plywood is graded by its color, just like birch lumber. The highest grade is white, followed by uniform light and natural.
Lower paint and shop grades cost less. Hardwood lumberyards usually stock most grades. The faces of white birch ply here white refers to color, rather than species are made of top-grade zero defects , color-matched sapwood veneers.
In the past, these grades were distinctly different. Paint and shop grades of birch plywood are worth looking at if you want to save money. Paint-grade birch ply has face veneers that vary in color and pattern match.
Shop-grade sheets have some kind of damage or manufacturing defect, but must be 85 percent usable. They typically stock a mid-level grade, similar to the paint grade at the hardwood lumberyard, but at home center prices.
Take a friend along to help you look, be careful, and leave the stack neat for the next customer. Top grades of birch plywood are white and uniform. Middle-grade birch plywood sold at home centers offers lots of creative possibilities. The veneers may show attractive figure patterns, occasional spectacular curly figure, rich colors, and any combination of sap- and heartwood, including all of one or the other.
Staining will minimize contrasting colors, but the only way to make these sheets white is to paint them! Flame birch can look as cool as tiger maple. One curly board in a tabletop will stick out like a sore thumb, especially if you use stain.
Just wipe on some mineral spirits; any figure will jump right out. Brush on water-based wood conditioner , let it dry and sand lightly before you stain.
This process helps the wood absorb water-based stain evenly. Each coat of stain adds a little more color. You can tweak the color by using different colored stains, one over another. Water-based stains dry fast, so you can put on several coats in a day. Curly figure is subdued when you apply water-based wood conditioner before you stain.
In our experience, two coats of conditioner may be needed for best appearance. Keep it light. Waterborne polyurethane adds no amber color, so it keeps birch as light as possible. Lacquer finishes are also clear. Oil-based finishes add an amber tone. Imitate expensive hardwoods like mahogany, walnut or cherry.
To simulate the open-pored appearance of mahogany or walnut, use a single coat of water-based conditioner before staining. To imitate close-pored woods like cherry, use two coats of conditioner.
Match old birch cabinets or trim moldings that have aged to a uniform honey color by sealing new birch with two coats of water-based conditioner, just as if you were matching a closepored wood. Then add color, using a golden-oak colored water-based stain. Paint it. Because of its uniform texture and tiny pores, birch provides a smooth surface for painting. Plainsawn boards have similar figure patterns. They both have pale sapwood and distinctly darker heartwood.
Manufacturers have used them interchangeably for decades. Hard maple is particularly prone to tear-out during edge jointing, and burn marks from dull blades and bits are tougher to remove. Although demand for lightcolored wood continues to push up the price of both species, birch is usually about percent cheaper.
This story originally appeared in American Woodworker October , issue October , issue Purchase this back issue. Start with your project idea It can be a full plan or just a simple sketch. Free Download. But not everyone is fortunate enough to have the space or the pleasantly supportive better half required to store a couple hundred board feet of lumber.
If you must buy material according to the needs of each project, know this: figuring out how much board footage to get is an exercise in estimation. You have to do a little math and a little guessing, and the result is just an approximation.
Your plan can be as simple as a napkin sketch or as sophisticated as a SketchUp or magazine plan, or anything in between.
You just need to have a concept of the general size. Then you can step your way into the details. A plan from a magazine or book will have a lot of the heavy lifting done for you.
Use a spreadsheet download this free template if you want , or an old fashioned piece of paper and pencil, start jotting down the individual parts to your project. Put down the sizes of each of those parts, like this would work:. TIP: To calculate board feet: rough standard thickness X actual width X actual length divided by Use the thickness of the material you intend to start with, not end with.
See this page for more about board feet. So first add up the board footage of the parts that come from the same thickness of lumber. In the example here, you should come up with:. Now add some extra — consider multiplying by at least 1.
After all, to end up with those parts, you have to start with boards that are larger. Round off to the nearest whole number, too. Since boards in the lumber pile vary in width and length, you may be aiming to pick up 8 board feet and what you end up selecting could be something more like 7.
It just depends on what the lumber pile provides and which pieces appeal to you. But at least you have a really good idea of what your project needs.
Not having enough to complete it. To build a Fine Woodworking Projects 100 really great project, you need enough material to:. Mark oversees the company and creates tutorials on wood finishing and woodworking tips for hardwood lumber.
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